The rainfall forecasts indicate above-normal rainfall over the north-eastern parts of the country during the summer season. These above-normal rainfall forecasts would likely have a positive impact on crop and livestock production. However, below-normal rainfall is predicted over most parts of the central and south-western areas of the country during early and late-summer seasons. Therefore, the relevant decision-makers are encouraged to advise farmers in these regions to practice soil and water conservation, proper water harvesting and storage, establishing good drainage systems, and other appropriate farming practices.

The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is currently in a La Niña state, and forecasts indicate that it will likely remain in this state during the remainder of the 2022/23 summer season and return to a neutral state during Autumn. The presence of a La Niña event usually has its strongest impact on rainfall during the mid-summer months. With the continued persistence of the La Niña event, there is a high chance that it will have its usual effect on South Africa, which is generally for above-normal rainfall and below-normal temperatures over the summer rainfall areas.